Quick reference for date/time formatting across popular programming languages.
| Format |
Pattern |
Example |
d |
Short date |
1/24/2026 |
D |
Long date |
Saturday, January 24, 2026 |
t |
Short time |
2:30 PM |
T |
Long time |
2:30:45 PM |
f |
Full (short time) |
Saturday, January 24, 2026 2:30 PM |
F |
Full (long time) |
Saturday, January 24, 2026 2:30:45 PM |
g |
General (short time) |
1/24/2026 2:30 PM |
G |
General (long time) |
1/24/2026 2:30:45 PM |
M or m |
Month/day |
January 24 |
Y or y |
Year/month |
January 2026 |
s |
Sortable |
2026-01-24T14:30:45 |
u |
Universal sortable |
2026-01-24 14:30:45Z |
o or O |
Round-trip |
2026-01-24T14:30:45.0000000 |
r or R |
RFC 1123 |
Sat, 24 Jan 2026 14:30:45 GMT |
| Specifier |
Description |
Example |
d |
Day (1-31) |
5 |
dd |
Day (01-31) |
05 |
ddd |
Abbreviated day |
Sat |
dddd |
Full day name |
Saturday |
M |
Month (1-12) |
1 |
MM |
Month (01-12) |
01 |
MMM |
Abbreviated month |
Jan |
MMMM |
Full month name |
January |
y |
Year (0-99) |
26 |
yy |
Year (00-99) |
26 |
yyyy |
4-digit year |
2026 |
h |
Hour 12h (1-12) |
2 |
hh |
Hour 12h (01-12) |
02 |
H |
Hour 24h (0-23) |
14 |
HH |
Hour 24h (00-23) |
14 |
m |
Minute (0-59) |
5 |
mm |
Minute (00-59) |
05 |
s |
Second (0-59) |
9 |
ss |
Second (00-59) |
09 |
f - fffffff |
Fractional seconds |
1234567 |
t |
AM/PM (first char) |
P |
tt |
AM/PM |
PM |
K |
Time zone |
+00:00 |
z |
UTC offset hours |
+10 |
zz |
UTC offset (2 digits) |
+10 |
zzz |
UTC offset (full) |
+10:00 |
C# Examples
DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") // "2026-01-24"
now.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy") // "24/01/2026"
now.ToString("MMMM d, yyyy") // "January 24, 2026"
now.ToString("HH:mm:ss") // "14:30:45"
now.ToString("h:mm tt") // "2:30 PM"
now.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss") // "2026-01-24T14:30:45"
now.ToString("ddd, dd MMM yyyy") // "Sat, 24 Jan 2026"
| Option |
Values |
Example |
dateStyle |
"full", "long", "medium", "short" |
Saturday, January 24, 2026 |
timeStyle |
"full", "long", "medium", "short" |
2:30:45 PM EST |
year |
"numeric", "2-digit" |
2026, 26 |
month |
"numeric", "2-digit", "long", "short", "narrow" |
1, 01, January, Jan, J |
day |
"numeric", "2-digit" |
24, 24 |
weekday |
"long", "short", "narrow" |
Saturday, Sat, S |
hour |
"numeric", "2-digit" |
2, 02 |
minute |
"numeric", "2-digit" |
30, 30 |
second |
"numeric", "2-digit" |
45, 45 |
hour12 |
true, false |
12h or 24h format |
timeZoneName |
"long", "short" |
Eastern Standard Time, EST |
toLocaleString() Options
const date = new Date('2026-01-24T14:30:45');
// Short date
date.toLocaleDateString('en-US')
// "1/24/2026"
// Long date
date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
weekday: 'long', year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric'
})
// "Saturday, January 24, 2026"
// ISO format
date.toISOString()
// "2026-01-24T14:30:45.000Z"
// Custom formatting
date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', { year: 'numeric', month: '2-digit', day: '2-digit' })
// "01/24/2026"
// Time only
date.toLocaleTimeString('en-US', { hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' })
// "02:30 PM"
Date Methods
| Method |
Returns |
Example |
getFullYear() |
4-digit year |
2026 |
getMonth() |
Month (0-11) |
0 (January) |
getDate() |
Day of month |
24 |
getDay() |
Day of week (0-6) |
6 (Saturday) |
getHours() |
Hours (0-23) |
14 |
getMinutes() |
Minutes (0-59) |
30 |
getSeconds() |
Seconds (0-59) |
45 |
getMilliseconds() |
Milliseconds |
0 |
getTime() |
Unix timestamp (ms) |
1769350245000 |
toISOString() |
ISO 8601 string |
2026-01-24T14:30:45.000Z |
Python strftime/strptime
| Code |
Description |
Example |
%a |
Abbreviated weekday |
Sat |
%A |
Full weekday |
Saturday |
%w |
Weekday number (0-6) |
6 |
%d |
Day (01-31) |
24 |
%b |
Abbreviated month |
Jan |
%B |
Full month |
January |
%m |
Month (01-12) |
01 |
%y |
Year (00-99) |
26 |
%Y |
4-digit year |
2026 |
%H |
Hour 24h (00-23) |
14 |
%I |
Hour 12h (01-12) |
02 |
%p |
AM/PM |
PM |
%M |
Minute (00-59) |
30 |
%S |
Second (00-59) |
45 |
%f |
Microsecond |
000000 |
%z |
UTC offset |
+0000 |
%Z |
Timezone name |
UTC |
%j |
Day of year (001-366) |
024 |
%U |
Week number (Sunday start) |
03 |
%W |
Week number (Monday start) |
03 |
%c |
Locale date/time |
Sat Jan 24 14:30:45 2026 |
%x |
Locale date |
01/24/26 |
%X |
Locale time |
14:30:45 |
%% |
Literal % |
% |
Python Examples
from datetime import datetime
dt = datetime(2026, 1, 24, 14, 30, 45)
dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') # '2026-01-24'
dt.strftime('%d/%m/%Y') # '24/01/2026'
dt.strftime('%B %d, %Y') # 'January 24, 2026'
dt.strftime('%H:%M:%S') # '14:30:45'
dt.strftime('%I:%M %p') # '02:30 PM'
dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S') # '2026-01-24T14:30:45'
dt.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y') # 'Sat, 24 Jan 2026'
# Parsing
datetime.strptime('2026-01-24', '%Y-%m-%d')
datetime.strptime('24/01/2026 14:30', '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M')
| Format |
C# |
JavaScript |
Python |
| ISO 8601 |
yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss |
toISOString() |
%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S |
| US Date |
M/d/yyyy |
toLocaleDateString('en-US') |
%m/%d/%Y |
| EU Date |
d/M/yyyy |
toLocaleDateString('en-GB') |
%d/%m/%Y |
| Long Date |
MMMM d, yyyy |
{ month: 'long', day: 'numeric', year: 'numeric' } |
%B %d, %Y |
| RFC 2822 |
r |
toUTCString() |
%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z |
| Unix Timestamp |
DateTimeOffset.ToUnixTimeSeconds() |
getTime() / 1000 |
timestamp() |
| 24h Time |
HH:mm |
{ hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', hour12: false } |
%H:%M |
| 12h Time |
h:mm tt |
{ hour: 'numeric', minute: '2-digit' } |
%I:%M %p |